3-Methylglutaconic acid (Synonyms: β-Methylglutaconic acid)

Cat. No.: HY-139427 Purity: 99.38%: FAQs
Data Sheet SDS COA Handling Instructions

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3-Methylglutaconic acid is the major metabolites accumulating in 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria (MGTA). 3-Methylglutaconic acid can induce lipid oxidative damage and protein oxidative. 3-Methylglutaconic acid decreases the non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in cerebral cortex supernatants to elicit oxidative stress in the cerebral cortex. 3-Methylglutaconic acid can be used for brain damage disease research.

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3-Methylglutaconic acid Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 5746-90-7

Size	Price	Stock	Quantity
5 mg	USD 25	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 mg	USD 40	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
25 mg	USD 80	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
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100 mg		Get quote

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Other Forms of 3-Methylglutaconic acid:

3-Methylglutaconic acid-¹³C₃ Get quote

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Purity & Documentation
References
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Description

In Vitro

3-Methylglutaconic acid (0.1-5.0 mM, 1 h) induces lipid oxidative damage and antioxidants (TRO, MEL and SOD plus CAT) prevent the lipid peroxidation at higher doses of 5 mM in rat cerebral cortex supernatants^[1].
3-Methylglutaconic acid (0.1-5.0 mM, 1 h) induces protein oxidative damage and diminishes non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in rat cerebral cortex supernatants^[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

Animal Model:	Male Sprague-Dawley rats and male Hartley guinea-pigs^[2]
Dosage:	0.16 mL/kg, 90 min
Administration:	Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)
Result:	Increased initial blood pressure and heart rate in rats followed by vagal bradycardia and hypotension (rat) Developed three patterns of cardiovascular changes (Type 1: a period of sympathetically-mediated hypertension and tachycardia followed by vagal bradycardia; Type 2: Increased arterial pressure and heart rate, but no vagal activation; Type 3: exhibited no significant cardiovascular changes(Guinea-pigs).

Animal Model:	Male Wistar rats^[3]
Dosage:	45mg/kg for single dose, 4days
Administration:	Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.)
Result:	Decreased in NR2B expression on the whole cerebellum tissue and Purkinje cells.

Molecular Weight

144.13

Formula

C₆H₈O₄

CAS No.

5746-90-7

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to light yellow

SMILES

O=C(/C=C(CC(O)=O)\C)O

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	6 months
	-20°C	1 month

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 250 mg/mL (1734.55 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	6.9382 mL	34.6909 mL	69.3818 mL
5 mM	1.3876 mL	6.9382 mL	13.8764 mL
10 mM	0.6938 mL	3.4691 mL	6.9382 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

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Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.43 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.43 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (14.43 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.38%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (270 KB) SDS (394 KB)

COA (243 KB) HNMR (218 KB) RP-HPLC (268 KB) MS (69 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Guilhian Leipnitz, et al. Induction of oxidative stress by the metabolites accumulating in 3-methylglutaconic aciduria in cerebral cortex of young rats. Life Sci. 2008 Mar 12;82(11-12):652-62. [Content Brief]

[2]. N L Alsip, et al. Cardiovascular effects of 3-mercaptopropionic acid and levels of GABA in regions of the brain of guinea-pigs. Neuropharmacology. 1984 Mar;23(3):349-57. [Content Brief]

[3]. E Girardi, et al. 3-mercaptopropionic acid-induced seizures decrease NR2B expression in Purkinje cells: cyclopentyladenosine effect. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2010 Oct;30(7):985-90. [Content Brief]

[4]. Leipnitz G, et al. Induction of oxidative stress by the metabolites accumulating in 3-methylglutaconic aciduria in cerebral cortex of young rats. Life Sci. 2008 Mar 12;82(11-12):652-62. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO	1 mM	6.9382 mL	34.6909 mL	69.3818 mL	173.4545 mL
	5 mM	1.3876 mL	6.9382 mL	13.8764 mL	34.6909 mL
	10 mM	0.6938 mL	3.4691 mL	6.9382 mL	17.3455 mL
	15 mM	0.4625 mL	2.3127 mL	4.6255 mL	11.5636 mL
	20 mM	0.3469 mL	1.7345 mL	3.4691 mL	8.6727 mL
	25 mM	0.2775 mL	1.3876 mL	2.7753 mL	6.9382 mL
	30 mM	0.2313 mL	1.1564 mL	2.3127 mL	5.7818 mL
	40 mM	0.1735 mL	0.8673 mL	1.7345 mL	4.3364 mL
	50 mM	0.1388 mL	0.6938 mL	1.3876 mL	3.4691 mL
	60 mM	0.1156 mL	0.5782 mL	1.1564 mL	2.8909 mL
	80 mM	0.0867 mL	0.4336 mL	0.8673 mL	2.1682 mL
	100 mM	0.0694 mL	0.3469 mL	0.6938 mL	1.7345 mL

3-Methylglutaconic acid Related Classifications

Help & FAQs

Do most proteins show cross-species activity?
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

3-Methylglutaconic acid5746-90-7β-Methylglutaconic acidGABA ReceptorGamma-aminobutyric acid Receptorγ-Aminobutyric acid Receptoroxidative stresscerebral cortexInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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